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Gum disease, often termed periodontal disease, frequently impacts the gums and bones sustaining the teeth. Emphasising dental health is crucial, for overlooking it can result in this ailment. Starting as inflammation, it can escalate to significant infections and even tooth loss when not addressed.

Causes of Gum Disease

There are various factors that contribute to the onset of gum disease, including:

• Plaque Build-up: The primary cause of gum disease is the accumulation of plaque on the teeth. Plaque is a sticky bacterial layer that forms on the surface of the teeth. If not removed through daily dental care routines, it can harden into tartar, which further irritates the gums.
• Poor Dental Care Habits: Regular brushing, flossing, and routine dental check-ups are crucial for maintaining healthy teeth. Skipping these essential steps can lead to the formation of plaque and tartar, subsequently causing gum disease.
• Tobacco Use: Smoking or chewing tobacco can heighten the risk of gum disease. Not only do they affect the attachment of bone and soft tissue to your teeth, but they also reduce the ability of the gums to heal.
• Hormonal Changes: Hormonal fluctuations during puberty, pregnancy, the menstrual cycle, and menopause can increase the susceptibility of gums to gum disease.
• Wisdom Teeth: Partially erupted wisdom teeth can create pockets where bacteria grow, leading to infections and potentially contributing to gum disease.

The Consequences of Gum Disease

If gum disease is not addressed according to individual dental needs, it can lead to various complications. In its initial phase, referred to as gingivitis, the condition results in red, swollen gums that tend to bleed easily. As it advances to periodontitis, the gums recede from the teeth, forming pockets that can become infected. Over time, the bone and connective tissue that hold teeth in place deteriorate. This can result in missing teeth or damaged teeth, necessitating removal or replacement.